Orthopedic oncology is a specialized branch of orthopedic surgery that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors, both benign and malignant. These tumors can occur in any part of the body but most commonly affect the limbs and spine.

Bone tumors can arise from the bone itself or from the cartilage, while soft tissue tumors can occur in the muscles, tendons, ligaments, or other connective tissues. Common types of bone tumors include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing’s sarcoma, while soft tissue tumors can include liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma, among others.

Orthopedic oncologists work closely with other specialists such as medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, pathologists, and radiologists to develop an individualized treatment plan for each patient based on the type and stage of the tumor, the patient’s age and overall health, and other factors.

Treatment options for bone and soft tissue tumors may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. The goal of treatment is to remove the tumor, preserve as much function as possible, and prevent recurrence while minimizing side effects and optimizing quality of life for the patient.